\subsection*{Practice Week 1: Introduction to Data Communication Networks}

\begin{objetivopractica}
The student will install Wireshark and observe real network traffic to understand how computers exchange information through data communication networks. This introductory practice will demonstrate that digital communication happens constantly between devices and involves organized data transmission.
\end{objetivopractica}

The practice begins with downloading and installing Wireshark from the official website. The student selects the appropriate version for their operating system and follows the installation wizard. During installation, the software may request permission to install network drivers that allow packet capture functionality.

\definicion{data communication}{The exchange of digital information between computers and other network devices}

After installation, the student opens Wireshark and examines the welcome screen that displays available network interfaces. The student identifies their active network connection, which is typically either an ethernet adapter or wireless adapter marked with activity indicators.

% \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{figuras/captura01_wireshark_interfaces.png}

The student clicks on their active network interface to begin capturing packets. The main window displays three sections: a packet list at the top, packet details in the middle, and raw packet data at the bottom. Initially, some background network activity may already be visible.

To generate observable network traffic, the student opens a web browser and visits a simple website such as a news portal. This action creates multiple types of network communication that appear as new entries in Wireshark's packet list. Each entry represents one piece of data traveling through the network.

\definicion{packet}{A small piece of data that travels through networks carrying information between devices}

The student observes the Source and Destination columns in the packet list to understand how data flows between their computer and other devices on the internet. They notice that their computer has one IP address while websites have different addresses, demonstrating the addressing system that enables network communication.

% \href{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXXXXXX}{Basic Wireshark interface tutorial}

The practice includes examining different types of network protocols visible in the Protocol column. Common protocols include HTTP for web browsing, DNS for name resolution, and TCP for reliable data transmission. This variety shows that data communication networks support many different types of information exchange.

\definicion{protocol}{A set of rules that governs how devices communicate and exchange data on networks}

The student practices starting and stopping packet capture using the toolbar buttons. They learn that the red square stops capture while the blue shark fin starts a new capture session. This control allows students to focus on specific network activities during analysis.

% \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{figuras/captura01_packet_capture.png}

The student saves their first packet capture file to preserve the network data for future reference. Saved captures contain all packet information and timing data, allowing students to review network behavior offline and compare different communication patterns.

The practice concludes with the student documenting their observations about how much network activity occurs during normal computer usage. They note that data communication networks operate continuously, handling various types of information exchange even when users are not actively using network applications.

\begin{rubrica}
The student must submit a report containing clear evidence of completing the practice. The document should include screenshots, explanations of observations, and reflection on the learning achieved. The submission must demonstrate that the student understood the concept and was able to apply it with the indicated software.
\end{rubrica}

\subsection*{Suggested Report Format}

\textbf{Title:} Practice Week 1 - Introduction to Data Communication Networks \\
\textbf{Objective:} Written by the student according to what they understood. \\
\textbf{Development:} Clear narration of actions performed. \\
\textbf{Evidence:} Screenshots or other data obtained. \\
\textbf{Conclusions:} Technical reflection on what was learned. \\
\textbf{Personal Opinion:} Student's free opinion about the usefulness or difficulty of the practice.